Gross pay vs. net pay
Gross pay is what you earn before anything is taken out — your salary divided by pay periods, or your hours times your rate. Net pay is what lands in your bank account after taxes and deductions.
The net pay formula
Net pay = gross pay − pre-tax deductions − federal income tax − Social Security − Medicare − state and local taxes − after-tax deductions.
Most people keep roughly 65–80% of gross pay. Where you land depends on your income, your state (from 0% state tax in Texas or Florida to income tax plus disability and paid-leave premiums in California or New York City) and how much you put into pre-tax benefits.
Related: take-home pay calculator · hourly to salary · overtime calculator.